The main objective of this paper is to make the students comprehend the various processes responsible for the development of diverse landforms on the earth surface. The candidate will also learn how the natural surrounding and human activities are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals.

Reading List 

  1. Bloom A. L., 2003: Geomorphology: A Systematic Analysis of Late Cenozoic Landforms, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. 
  2. Bridges E. M., 1990: World Geomorphology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 
  3. Christopherson, Robert W., (2011), Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography, 8 Ed., Macmillan Publishing Company 12 
  4. Kale V. S. and Gupta A., 2001: Introduction to Geomorphology, Orient Longman, Hyderabad. 
  5. Knighton A. D., 1984: Fluvial Forms and Processes, Edward Arnold Publishers, London. 
  6. Richards K. S., 1982: Rivers: Form and Processes in Alluvial Channels, Methuen, London. 
  7. Selby, M.J., (2005), Earth’s Changing Surface, Indian Edition, OUP 
  8. Skinner, Brian J. and Stephen C. Porter (2000), The Dynamic Earth: An Introduction to physical Geology, 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons 
  9. Thornbury W. D., 1968: Principles of Geomorphology, Wiley. 
  10. Gautam, A (2010): Bhautik Bhugol, Rastogi Punlications, Meerut 
  11. Tikkaa, R N (1989): Bhautik Bhugol ka Swaroop, Kedarnath Ram Nath, Meerut 
  12. Singh, S (2009):Bhautik Bhugol ka Swaroop, Prayag Pustak,Allahabad 
  13. Bhattacharyya, N.N. : Biogeography 
  14. Mahanta, A. P. : Biogeography

The main objective of this paper is to make the students understand the various morphometric techniques used in drainage analysis. The students will also about the various slope analysis techniques and uses of different types of scale

Reading List 

  1. Anson R. and Ormelling F. J., 1994: International Cartographic Association: BasicCartographic Vol. Pregmen Press. 
  2. Gupta K.K. and Tyagi, V. C., 1992: Working with Map, Survey of India, DST, New Delhi. 
  3. Mishra R.P. and Ramesh, A., 1989: Fundamentals of Cartography, Concept, New Delhi. 
  4. Monkhouse F. J. and Wilkinson H. R., 1973: Maps and Diagrams, Methuen, London. 
  5. Rhind D. W. and Taylor D. R. F., (eds.), 1989: Cartography: Past, Present and Future, Elsevier, International Cartographic Association. 
  6. Robinson A. H., 2009: Elements of Cartography, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 
  7. Sharma J. P., 2010: Prayogic Bhugol, Rastogi Publishers, Meerut. 
  8. Singh R. L. and Singh R. P. B., 1999: Elements of Practical Geography, Kalyani Publishers. 
  9. Sarkar, A. (2015) Practical geography: A systematic approach. Orient Black Swan Private Ltd., New Delhi 
  10. Singh R L & Rana P B Singh(1991) Prayogtmak Bhugol ke Mool Tatva, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi 
  11. Sharma, J P (2010) Prayogtmak Bhugol ki Rooprekha, Rastogi Publications, Meerut 
  12. Singh, R L & Dutta, P K (2012) PrayogatmakBhugol, Central Book Depot, Allahabad

The main objective of this paper is to make the students aware of the composition of atmosphere and various climatic processes. The students will also learn about various factors responsible for the climatic disturbances.

Reading List 

  1. Barry R. G. and Carleton A. M., 2001: Synoptic and Dynamic Climatology, Routledge, UK.
  2. Barry R. G. and Corley R. J., 1998: Atmosphere, Weather and Climate, Routledge, New York. 
  3. Critchfield H. J., 1987: General Climatology, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi 
  4. Lutgens F. K., Tarbuck E. J. and Tasa D., 2009: The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 
  5. Oliver J. E. and Hidore J. J., 2002: Climatology: An Atmospheric Science, Pearson Education, New Delhi. 
  6. Trewartha G. T. and Horne L. H., 1980: An Introduction to Climate, McGraw-Hill. 
  7. Gupta L S(2000): Jalvayu Vigyan, Hindi Madhyam Karyanvay Nidishalya, Delhi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Delhi 
  8. Lal, D S (2006): Jalvayu Vigyan, Prayag Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad 
  9. Vatal, M (1986): Bhautik Bhugol, Central Book Depot, Allahabad 
  10. Singh, S (2009): Jalvayu Vigyan, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad

The main objective of this paper is to make the students gain knowledge of the various weather symbols and to prepare graphs based on climatic data. The students will also find out the variability in the distribution of rainfall and the factors responsible for such variation in the pattern of rainfall.